Problems and Consequences of Bruxism

Bruxism can lead to various problems, among them:

• Premature wear and fractures of the teeth;
• Increased dental sensitivity;
• Hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles, which can cause inflammation;
• Problems in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ);
• Frequent headaches and ear pain;
• Sleep disturbances.

Severe cases of bruxism can lead to irreversible sequelae, requiring early attention and treatment.

Nighttime and Daytime Bruxism

• Nighttime Bruxism: Occurs involuntarily during sleep, often identified by a partner or family member due to the characteristic noise.
• Daytime Bruxism (Briquism): Manifests during wakefulness, possibly linked to habits or nervous tics.

Causes of Bruxism

The exact causes of bruxism are multifactorial, involving everything from stress and anxiety to dental misalignments and sleep disorders. Substances such as drugs, alcohol, and tobacco, as well as certain medications, can exacerbate it.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Common signs include headaches, TMJ problems, ear pain and ringing, dizziness, and neuralgia. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent further damage and alleviate symptoms.

Bruxism in Children

More prevalent in children, bruxism may have neurological, dietary, or hereditary origins. While many cases are physiological and tend to decrease with age, pathological bruxism requires intervention to avoid long-term damage.

Treatment of Bruxism

Although there is no definitive cure, treatment aims to minimize impacts and prevent damage. Strategies include:

• Use of bite plates or splints to protect the teeth;
• Medication to control anxiety and stress, if necessary;
• Behavioral therapies and relaxation techniques;
• Occlusal adjustments in cases of dental misalignment.

Prevention and Management

Maintaining a routine of dental visits, adopting healthy lifestyle habits, and seeking stress management techniques are essential. For daytime cases, awareness of the habit and strategies to keep it under control are crucial.

Conclusion

Bruxism is a complex condition that requires a multidisciplinary approach for effective management. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options is essential to protect the dental and overall health of those affected.